This website includes study notes, research papers, essays, articles and other allied information submitted by visitors like YOU. c. For Hindus, the Bel tree, Aegle marmelos, is associated with Lord Shiva, tulasi with Lord Vishnu, and fig (Ficus glome rata) with Lord Dattatreya, the son of Trimurty and the kadamba tree is likened to Lord Krishna. Advantages. Madhya Pradesh Shramodaya Vidyalaya Entrance Exam 2023 Registration Begins, Apply at mpsos.nic.in, Optical Illusion: You have hawk eyes if you can spot a needle in a haystack in 9 seconds, GRAMMY AWARDS 2023: Complete Nominees list. A single species of organisms with varied genetic variety depicts more flexibility and survival system against adverse environmental conditions compared to organisms of a single species with the exact same genetics. Nongovernmental organisations like the Kerala Shastra Sahitya Parishad led the conservation movement with the help of street plays, dramas, meetings, etc. This type of diversity is represented using a hierarchical category based upon the phylogenetic evolution of different species of organisms. 5. Definition (s) 'In-situ conservation' means the conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats and the maintenance and recovery of viable populations of species in their natural surroundings and, in the case of domesticated or cultivated species, in the surroundings where they have developed their distinctive properties. Abstract. Ex-situ conservation has the following advantages: 1. Article 8 of theConvention on Biological Diversity (CBD) specifies in-situ conservation as the primary conservation strategy, and states that ex-situ measures should play a supportive role to reach conservation targets. Finally in 1983 the project was abandoned and the valley was declared as a National Park, which was inaugurated by Mr. Rajiv Gandhi in 1985. Biodiversity refers to the variability of life on earth. The Eastern Himalayas located in the North Eastern India is a region rich in species diversity and endemism. The various ways in which it can be achieved, and their advantages include: (i) The best method of maximizing a species chance of survival is by relocating part of the population to a less threatened location. Another 217 sanctuaries are proposed in the Protected Area Network report. In situ conservation refers to the preservation of ecosystems and natural habitats, as well as the maintenance and recovery of viable populations of species in their natural environments, or, in the case of domesticated or cultivated species, in the environments where their . The genetic diversity of all species inhabiting an area can be conserved. Genes control all biological processes on Earth and improve organisms' ability to cope with environmental challenges. In such an arrangement there is little or no competition for food, water and space between animal species. d. In many villages of South India, there are no temples. Biodiversity is being diminished by the loss of habitat, fragmentation of environment, overexploitation of resources, human sponsored environments, climatic changes, contamination, invasive alien species, diseases, shifting cultivation, poaching of wildlife, etc. The degree to which humans control or modify the natural dynamics of the managed population varies widely, and this may include alteration of living environments, reproductive patterns, access to resources, and protection from predation and mortality. For e.g., Lal Suhanra National Park, Yellow Stone National Park. Share Your PDF File b. Ex-situ Conservation. Similarly, we depend on various species of animals and microbes for different reasons. This article throws light on the four key benefits of biodiversity. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Conservation in situ, Marine conservation zones, Wildlife reserves and more. Opportunities may arise for ecologically sustainable land uses (which . A threat to biodiversity is a threat to humankind. Silent Valley National Park is a small National park in Palakkad district, Kerala, India. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Types of conservation. It can be conserved in the following methods: In-situ conservation of biodiversity is the preservation of species within their natural habitat. Disadvantages of Ex Situ Conservation Usually only a small number of individuals can be cared for. In situ conservation is an age-old practice. In 1973, the Hydroelectric Project across the river was sanctioned. There is less competition for food, water and space among the organisms. The advantages of In-situ conservation are: In-situ conservation is the best strategy for the long term protection of biodiversity. Answer Now and help others. The silent valley is a storehouse of medicinal plants. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. References Ex-situ conservation is the conservation of plants and animals in locations outside their natural habitats. Ex-situ is the most convenient and effective method for saving big animals. Biological diversity is the variety of all life forms ranging from unicellular organisms like bacteria, fungi, protozoa to multicellular organisms like plants and animals and their genes of which they are a part of. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Since humans are enjoying all the benefits from biodiversity, they ought to take appropriate care of the preservation of biodiversity in all its form and good health for the future generation i.e., the human being must avoid the deterioration and destruction of the habitats thereby preserving the biodiversity at its optimum level. Humans have been directly or indirectly dependent on biodiversity for sustenance to a considerable extent. What do you mean by permeability of membrane? The species bred in captivity can be reintroduced in the wild. Spot The Difference: Can You Spot 2 Differences in 7 Seconds? This project will continue efforts to collect biodiversity data across trophic levels and in relation to environmental conditions; to use biodiversity data to detect changes in species composition, including invasive species; and determine effective in situ observing designs through modeling. The in-situ method of conservation is done in the natural ecosystem or habitat. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Many rare bird species are found, such as the Great Indian hornbill, Ceylon frogmoth and the Nilgiri laughing thrush. In situ conservation2222. zoo, aquarium, botanical garden etc. Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity involves the breeding and maintenance of endangered species in artificial ecosystems such as zoos, nurseries, botanical gardens, gene banks, etc. Biodiversity permanently protected. There is less competition for food, water, and area amongst the organisms. In-situmaintenance of biodiversity through the establishment of conservation and multiple-use areas offers distinct advantages over off-site methods in terms of coverage, viability of the resource, and the economic sustainability of the methods: (1) Coverage. Give an example. We can further claim the necessity of biodiversity by considering our degree of dependency on the environment. This method allows for the protection of the natural ecosystem that the species live in. It provides a vast knowledge of potential use to the scientific community. According to Norman Myers, hot spots are areas that are extremely rich in species, have high endemism, and are under constant threat. Advantages of ex-situ approach -. Frank Muller-Karger, University of South Florida d. Pollution and poaching in the protected area can be checked. Also, travelers go to these places for entertainment. As we know, plants are the crucial part of biodiversity in our planet as they can provide the aesthetic values, cultural and economic benefits to us. The lake remains hidden in the rich forest cover and the aquatic flora and fauna are naturally preserved. The valley harbours 211 bird species and many varieties of butterflies and moths. In such conversations land area or sea is dedicated for the protection process and to maintain equality in biodiversity. In-situ Conservation - Advantages Cost Efficient: In-situ conservation is an inexpensive and practical strategy to preserve biological variety. Ecuador has six clear policies for biodiversity conservation. It is duty of humans to restore and conserve biodiversity as these populations promote genetic diversity. This assessment was complemented by an overview of the current status of CWRs conservation and use, including facts and figures on the in situ conservation, on the ex situ conservation in . Water Quality. A lot of living organisms can be saved simultaneously. This is mainly contributed by biodiversity such as forests where . Ecotourism - countries with an abundance of wildlife can set up . Establishing a balanced cycle of harvest and renewal so that a continuous supply of natural resources is ensured. It is reasonably comparable to species variety except for the fact that it handles the variations in ecosystems within a geographical location. A major advantage of in-situ conservation is that it conserves the entire ecosystem and not just a particular species. There is valuable resource of herbs and rare paints. It also helps in maintaining resilience in species/ habitat /ecosystems to adapt to environmental changes. The odds of the population recovering are greater than ex situ methods. 4. Since the organisms are a part of the natural ecosystem, they will evolve better and may easily suit different environmental conditions. Also, tourists visit these places for recreation. It enables the conservation of a large range of potentially interesting alleles. Disadvantages. What Is Narco Test? InsightsIAS Headquarters, The core zone is the innermost zone devoted to preserve biodiversity with no human interference. The levels of pollutants should be reduced in the environment. In-situ conservation of biodiversity has several advantages: It is a cost-efficient way of biodiversity conservation It ensures the conservation of a large number of species at the same time The organisms don't require to change their habitat National Parks National parks are the forest reserves that are managed by the government. 2. It came into force on 29 December 1993. c. Fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources. Deforestations, habitat fragmentation, pollution, acid rains and many other anthropogenic activities are threatening biodiversity. Required fields are marked *. 1. Genetic techniques can be used for the conservation of threatened or endangered species. 3.4.U1 Arguments about species and habitat preservation can be based on aesthetic, ecological, economic, ethical and social justifications. A lot of living organisms can be saved simultaneously. Its boundaries are well demarcated and human activities such as grazing, forestry, habitat and cultivation are prohibited. In the late 1970 and early 1980, the park became the focal point of Indias fiercest environmental debate when the Kerala state electricity board decided to build a dam across the river Kunthi that runs through the valley. Since the organisms are in a natural ecosystem, they can evolve better and can easily adjust to different environmental conditions. (c) To make sustainable utilization of species and ecosystems. a. 3. An important disadvantage of in-situ conservation is that it requires large areas of earth's surface if we have to preserve the full complement of biotic diversity of a region. In-situ conservation: This method helps in the conservation of biodiversity within the natural habitat of the animals and plants by creating protected areas such as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. (a) To maintain important ecological processes and life-supporting systems. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. There are two methods for the conservation of biodiversity: In-situ conservation of biodiversity is done within the natural habitat of the species. It ensures the sustainable utilisation of life support systems on earth. Arboreta are gardens with trees and shrubs. Currently, anthropological or man-made causes are the main reasons for biodiversity extinction. ecological integrity is maintained. Biodiversity conservation serves as an insurance policy for the future. It ensures the sustainable utilisation of life support systems on earth. The In situ conservation includes the development of: Ex-situ conservation involves breeding and maintenance of endangered species in artificial ecosystems. It provides a vast knowledge of potential use to the scientific community. Draw a neatly labeled diagram of chloroplast found in leaf, and its role in photosynthesis? This is an area of interaction between the biosphere reserve management and the local people. In-situ conservation is one of two basic conservation strategies, alongsideex-situ conservation. In-situ conservation of plant genetic resources presents a number of advantages as compared to ex-situ conservation. Natural and cultural heritage protected permenantly. This method is especially suitable for species, which cannot be established or regenerated outside the natural habitats. All the varieties of food, timber plants, livestock, microbes and agricultural animals should be conserved. In total, 190 countries pledged their commitment to achieve a significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss at the global, regional and local levels. Human activities such as timber harvesting, cultivation, collection of woods, and other forest products are allowed here as long as they do not interfere with the conservation job. This review analyzes the national biodiversity policies and describes the main strategies for biodiversity conservation in Ecuador, one of the "mega-diverse" countries in the world with the highest species density. Gametes of threatened species can be preserved in viable and fertile conditions for long periods using cryopreservation techniques. Under the World Heritage Convention, five natural sites have been declared as World Heritage Sites. km to 110,000 sq. in R.J. Henry(ed), Plant Conservation Genetics, The advantages of the in situ conservation are as follows: Both the species and environment are conserved Large populations can be protected Chances of population recovery is far more greater compared to ex-situ methods The disadvantages of in situ conservation are as follows: The preservation of places where natural populations of species persist is a prerequisite for biodiversity conservation. According to the nature of the germplasm, they may of the following types: a. The life cycles of the organisms and their evolution progresses in a natural way. In wetlands, plants will take up contaminants in water and process and purify the water. It can be done while keeping them in their natural environments or taking them outside from their natural habitats and protect in some other places. Poaching and hunting of wild animals should be prevented. km. Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. By continuing to use our website, you agree to our, To ensure the sustainable management of the species. The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) acknowledges the integration of human and biological processes and places, the benefits that people derive from nature and the ongoing reality of change (CBD, 2010).Nonetheless, the first three CBD Action targets in the draft post-2020 global biodiversity framework (CBD, 2021) retain a desire to protect intact (priority, wilderness . Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The Advantages of Biodiversity Conservation Biodiversity contributes to food security and long-term economic viability by preserving genetic variation. 3) Involves designation, management and monitoring of target taxa their natural habitats. Before sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. Ex situ conservation. Role of Botanical Garden in Conservation of Environment. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In India, sacred groves are found in Khasi and Jaintia hills of Meghalaya, Aravalli hills of Rajasthan, Western Ghat regions of Karnataka and Maharashtra and the Sarguja, Chanda and Bastar areas of Madhya Pradesh. The Gramdevata or village goddess may be a big tree located in the village. b. The forest cover is subject to degradation due to clearing of forests and there is an urgent need to preserve the forest. Six significant wetlands of India have been declared as Ramsar Sites under the Ramsar Convention. Biodiversity is being lost due to the loss of habitat, over-exploitation of resources, climatic changes, pollution, invasive exotic species, diseases, hunting, etc. Ex-situ conservation utilizes a wide range of techniques and facilities and it can be accomplished in the following . Programmes have also been launched for scientific management and wise use of wetlands, mangroves and coral reef ecosystems. c. In protected areas, human intervention is minimal. (With Methods)| Industrial Microbiology, How is Cheese Made Step by Step: Principles, Production and Process, Enzyme Production and Purification: Extraction & Separation Methods | Industrial Microbiology, Fermentation of Olives: Process, Control, Problems, Abnormalities and Developments. Which types of bacteria are used in Bt-cotton? The benefits of biodiversity include keeping water quality pure. As a result, conservationists find it to be more effective. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. These are small reserves maintained by the government. Biological hot spots include the Western Amazon (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru), Madagascar, North and Eastern Borneo, North Eastern Australia, West Africa, and the Brazilian Atlantic forest. Yellowstone National Park in California was established as the worlds first protected area. One of these is the Sapria himalayana, a parasitic angiosperm that has been sighted only twice since 1836. The subterranean organisms promote the fertility of soil through decomposition. Many plant species are found in this forest belonging to 183 genera and 84 families. Name the types of nitrogenous bases present in the RNA. The concept of biosphere reserves has been evolved by UNESCOs Man and Biosphere programme or MAB. There are two approaches of biodiversity conservation i.e. Conservation of biodiversity. These are the regions where only wild animals are found. b. Its limits are well demarcated and human activities such as grazing, forestry, habitat, and cultivation are restricted. It is more humane than removing organisms from their natural habitats. The participation of people from all stages of life is indispensable for the management of a sustainable environment. Ex-situ conservation means literally, "off-site conservation". These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Establishment of protected areas, parks, sancuaries or reserve forests, where wild life could grow and multiply, has been the common response of societies and governments to the threat of diminishing wild life since times immemorial. The loss of biodiversity directly impacts the food chains linked to it. Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. In the year 1976, the Man and Biosphere programme identified about 57 biosphere reserves. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. They are the Western Ghats and the Indo-Burma region that covers the Eastern Himalayas. The in-situ conservation has several advantages. The project was dropped due to concern about its impact on the environment and endangered species. Answers (1) P Priyanka Kumari. Biological diversity provides immediate benefits to the society such as recreation and tourism. In-situ conservation is the ideal method of conserving wild plant genetic resources. ENGG GEO-E-480 at University of Engineering & Technology. This article outlines why conservation is needed, the major threats to species, and how diversity is maintained at the ecosystem, species, and genetic levels. Which part of the male reproductive system store the sperm? Refer to these notes for reference. e. It assures protection of other species that are dependent on the species under consideration. It ensures the sustainable utilisation of life support systems on earth. Simply put, conservation of biodiversity is the proper management of the biosphere by humans in such a way that it provides maximum advantages for the present generation and likewise establishes its potential so regarding fulfilling the requirements of future generations. Yeast: Origin, Reproduction, Life Cycle and Growth Requirements | Industrial Microbiology, How is Bread Made Step by Step? With the destruction and over-exploitation of forests, many plants diversity and species have been affected and forced to face the extinction. The resources should be utilized efficiently. 3. The conservation of biodiversity is achieved by two approaches - in situ and ex situ. It includes collection and conservation of species in specific locations such as botanical gardens, zoos, safari parks, aquaria, and in institutes such as gene banks. In situ conservation of domesticated genetic resources is usually more difficult than that of wild genetic resources, and little is known about the factors that would favor it. The protection of whole communities as sacred ponds and groves is a remarkable feature of the Indian subcontinent. Following are the crucial advantages of in-situ conservation: It is an affordable and hassle-free technique of conserving biodiversity. The biosphere reserve has concentric areas zoned for different use. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The species is allowed to develop in its native environment, where it has been developing for a long time, with the elimination of factors that are harmful to the species' survival. The interests of the indigenous people are also protected. Gene banks are places that conserve the germplasm. 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